Understanding Pet Seizures: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments
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Seizures are one of the most common neurological issues in pets. In this blog, we'll explore the common causes of seizures in dogs and cats, what to do if your pet experiences one, and available treatment options. Enrolling your furry friend in pet health insurance is a great way to save on veterinary bills and ensure their well-being.
What is a Seizure?
A seizure occurs when there is an abnormal surge of electrical activity in the brain, akin to an electrical short circuit. Pets experiencing a seizure may collapse, tremble, pedal their limbs, become rigid, or salivate. Some seizures are less obvious, and a pet may simply appear disoriented. A key feature of seizures is that pets often remain disoriented for a short period after the episode.
Conditions That Mimic Seizures
Several conditions can resemble seizures, including fainting, heart problems, and other neurological disorders. Distinguishing these conditions from true seizures is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Why Do Dogs and Cats Have Seizures?
Seizures in pets can be triggered by various factors, including:
Epilepsy: A common neurological disorder causing recurrent seizures.
Toxins: Exposure to harmful substances can lead to seizures.
Infections: Viruses, parasites, or bacteria can cause neurological issues.
Brain Malformations: Congenital abnormalities in the brain.
Brain Tumors: Growths that disrupt normal brain function.
Trauma: Injuries, strokes, or accidents affecting the brain.
Liver Problems: Liver disease can impact brain function.
Veterinarians use laboratory tests and advanced imaging techniques (such as MRI) to diagnose the underlying cause. A detailed medical history can also provide valuable clues. For example, if a pet seizes shortly after exposure to a toxin, it indicates toxicity as the cause. In contrast, seizures in adult pets might raise concerns about tumors or cancer.
What to Do During a Seizure
If your pet has a seizure, follow these steps:
Stay Calm: Maintain composure to avoid further stressing your pet.
Ensure Safety: Move the pet to a safe area where it can't fall or be exposed to direct sunlight.
Keep Distance: Keep other pets and people away from the affected animal.
Avoid Physical Intervention: Do not attempt to wake or shake your pet.
Document the Episode: Record a video of the seizure to show your veterinarian for accurate diagnosis.
When to Consult a Veterinarian
Seek veterinary care if:
It’s your pet’s first seizure.
Your pet has more than two seizures in one day.
A seizure lasts longer than five minutes.
Treatment Options for Seizures
Several safe and effective medications are available to manage seizures, including:
Diazepam
Phenobarbital
Levetiracetam
Zonisamide
Gabapentin
These treatments are typically long-term and should only be adjusted under veterinary guidance. Abrupt discontinuation of medication can worsen seizures. Regular follow-ups with your veterinarian or a neurologist may be necessary to manage and adjust the treatment plan.
Protect Your Pet with Health Insurance
Enrolling your pet in health insurance provides peace of mind and financial protection. Get your quote now at www.kanguroinsurance.com and ensure your pet receives the care they need to stay happy and healthy.
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